Journal Guide

This journal contains translations from the premier Russian and Eastern European periodicals in aquatic biology and aquatic ecosystems, supplemented by original articles from elsewhere. The journal publishes in the area of physiology, biochemistry, systematics, ecology and conservation of freshwater fish, invertebrates, vascular plants, zoo- and phytoplankton, as well as freshwater quality and toxicology. While most of the papers deal with inland waters, the journal also publishes articles reporting on expeditionary work, especially the Antarctic and tropical seas. Hydrobiological Journal is valuable to freshwater and marine biologists and chemists, limnologists, environmental scientists, oceanographers, and toxicologists.

The ICES Journal of Marine Science publishes articles, short communications, and critical reviews that contribute to our scientific understanding of marine systems and the impact of human activities. The Journal serves as a foundation for scientific advice across the broad spectrum of management and conservation issues related to the marine environment. Oceanography, marine habitats, living resources, and related management topics constitute the key elements of papers eligible for publication. Integrated studies that bridge gaps between traditional disciplines are particularly welcome. The scope of the Journal has been broadened to include economic, social, and public administration studies to the extent that they are directly related to management of the seas and are of general interest to marine scientists.

© Nicolas Brodu. 2003 The astrolabe is an ancient astronomical computer for solving problemsrelating to time and the position of the sun and stars in the sky.Historians credit the invention of the astrolabe to classical Greece.Brass astrolabes were highly developed in the Islamic world of the 8thcentury and later. chiefly as an aid to navigation and as a way offinding the direction of Mecca. In the Middle Ages it found its wayback to Europe and became the chief navigational instrument until theinvention of the sextant in the 18th century.

The International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife (IJP-PAW) publishes the results of original research on parasites of all wildlife, invertebrate and vertebrate. This includes free-ranging, wild populations, as well as captive wildlife, semi-domesticated species (e.g. reindeer) and farmed populations of recently domesticated or wild-captured species (e.g. cultured fishes). Articles on all aspects of wildlife parasitology are welcomed including taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution, ecology and epidemiology, population biology and host-parasite relationships. The impact of parasites on the health and conservation of wildlife is seen as an important area covered by the journal especially the potential role of environmental factors, for example climate. Also important to the journal is 'one health' and the nature of interactions between wildlife, people and domestic animals, including disease emergence and zoonoses.The principal form of publication is the full-length article which contains substantial, original research. The journal also accepts brief reports that have similar subject scope as the full-length article, but do not merit a full-length publication. In addition, the journal commissions articles with emphasis on shorter, focused reviews of topical and emerging issues as well as strategically important subjects. The journal encourages critical comment and debate on matters of current controversy in the area of parasites and wildlife via "Current Opinions".This title is fully open access and therefore funded not through library subscription payments but through author fees. If you would like your article to be published open access, but you genuinely cannot afford these fees, then individual waiver requests are considered on a case-by-case basis and may be granted in cases of genuine need. Priority for this waiver programme will be given to applications by authors from countries eligible for the Research4Life programme (see http://www.research4life.org/institutions.html).